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As Airbnbs pop up all over Belleville, the city debates policy

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Editor’s note: This story was originally published in the Belleville News-Democrat.Airbnbs are becoming more and more popular across the United States, and Belleville is no exception.It’s not unusual for City Council meetings to include votes on special-use permits for people who want to rent out their homes or apartments in residential areas on a daily or weekly basis.But some owners don’t go through the permitting process, according to Cliff Cross, director of economic development, planning and zoning. They list their properties on Airbnb.com and start earning extra money without obtaining business licenses or paying the city’s 8% hotel-motel tax.Another concern is that current housing and zoning codes weren’t designed to regulate Airbnbs, causing confusion on everything from safety inspections to occupancy limits to nuisance complaints.“We don’t even really have a definition for an Airbnb,” Cross said. “Most communities treat it the same way they would treat a bed and breakfast, but a bed and breakfast is like your ‘Groundhog Day’ concept: ‘I live in my house, and I rent out a room, and I cook for you.’ Airbnbs are different.”Cross was referring to the 1993 movie in which Bill Murray’s weatherman character stays at a traditional Victorian bed and breakfast with a motherly, apron-wearing host.Airbnb owners may not live on the premises or even meet guests during their stay. Reservations and payments are handled online.The issue came to a head at a City Council meeting on Feb. 6, when a neighbor made a public statement opposing a permit request for a proposed Airbnb on East C Street. Aldermen tabled the vote.The city formed a special committee, which has until early April to come up with guidelines, likely in the form of a “short-term rental” ordinance.“We’ve had many discussions about this,” Cross said. “The point I’ve made is, ‘We’ve got to get a grip on how we’re addressing Airbnbs,’ partly because of the hotel-motel tax and partly because this is a community that is trying to attract hotels, which in a sense could look at them as competitors.”Cross also spoke of the need to create a “level playing field” for all businesses that provide lodging.Belleville has the 50-room Town House Motel; a “guesthouse” at the National Shrine of Our Lady of the Snows and a Super 8 motel, each with about 40 rooms; and four smaller independently owned motels. Officials have tried for years to get a larger, modern hotel built in the city.Some of the smaller motels rent rooms by the week, according to Darrell Richardson, owner of the 12-room E.J. Motel on Illinois 15.“I haven’t had a vacancy for half a year,” he said. “Basically, (my guests are) just people who are trying to make it by until they can get enough money together for an apartment, or workers who need something affordable while they’re working jobs in the area.”

Provided

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City of BellevilleThe City of Belleville released this list of special-use permits issued to Airbnb owners in residential areas. Five are limited-liability companies, whose principals aren’t identified by name.

61 listings in BellevilleThe roots of Airbnb go back to 2007, when two San Francisco roommates came up with the idea of putting an air mattress in their living room and turning it into a bed and breakfast.The following year, the roommates and a friend launched a website, then called Airbed & Breakfast, that functioned as a marketplace for short-term stays, particularly in saturated markets. The company charged a commission for each booking.“(Airbnb) has since grown to over 4 million Hosts who have welcomed 1.4 billion guest arrivals in almost every country across the globe,” according to the company’s website.The city of Belleville has issued 15 special-use permits for Airbnbs in residential areas since 2019, according to records the BND requested through a Freedom of Information Act request.Two permits actually represent one Airbnb because the owner moved into her rental home next door and now uses her former home for guests. Five Airbnbs are operated by limited-liability companies, whose principals aren’t identified by name.Special-use permits aren’t required for Airbnbs in commercial areas, including the downtown business district.As of last week, the Airbnb website listed 61 properties for rent in Belleville, although it doesn’t specify how many are in city limits or commercial areas. These include homes (some identified as “cabins” or “cottages”), apartments, lofts, townhouses and rooms in houses.Prices range from $32 a night for a “shared room” with a futon bed in an occupied home to $281 for an unoccupied, furnished four-bedroom home that sleeps up to 12 people. The latter has a large yard and 65 other amenities listed.“I also have available vehicle for rental if needed during your stay,” the owner writes in the description.Retiree Linda Weisenstein operates an Airbnb in a small German folk house at 626 E. Garfield St., which is part of Old Belleville Historic District. It was condemned before she renovated it several years ago. She’s the one who applied for a new permit after moving next door.Weisenstein has hosted guests from throughout the United States, as well as Canada and Japan, for up to six weeks.The home, known as “The Garfield Inn,” has exposed brick walls, a private garden with a gazebo, one bedroom, one bathroom, a kitchen with dishes, pots and pans and a living room with Roku TV, games and puzzles. The cost is $96 a night for a maximum of four guests.Weisenstein is among the local Airbnb owners who have called for more city regulation.“Everybody needs to be held to the same standards,” she said.Weisenstein thinks Airbnb owners should be required to obtain business licenses, arrange for fire inspections and take other action to ensure safe and peaceful neighborhoods.Weisenstein prohibits parties at her Airbnb. She greets arriving guests in person instead of using real-estate lock boxes, offers restaurant suggestions and other tourist information and encourages neighbors to call her with any problems or concerns.“If a house is occupied by good people and families like I have, it makes the neighborhood more stable,” she said. “You don’t have an empty house. (The guests are) contributing to the community. They’re going to the grocery store. They’re going to restaurants. They’re going to the movies.”

Derik Holtmann

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Belleville News-DemocratReal-estate agent Lisa Diserens and her husband, Robert, have been renovating this duplex at 410-412 E. C St. in Belleville for the past year. They want to use it for short-term rentals.

Caught in the middleThe special-use permit request that Belleville City Council tabled on Feb. 6 came from Lisa Diserens, a real-estate agent, and her husband, Robert. They bought a duplex at 410-412 East C St. a year ago that contains a one-bedroom unit and a two-bedroom unit.The Diserenses planned to renovate the duplex and use it for short-term rentals of one to three months.According to Lisa Diserens, local apartment complexes filled up during the COVID-19 pandemic, causing a shortage of affordable places for Scott Air Force Base personnel and others to live while looking for homes to buy or working temporary assignments.“Because Belleville has failed to write an ordinance for short-term rentals, they listed us as an Airbnb,” she said.That put the Diserenses in the middle of the Airbnb policy debate. Because of the tabled vote, they can’t seek tenants this spring, even though the City Council’s Economic Development and Annexation Committee had unanimously recommended their permit approval.The Diserenses estimate they have spent $130,000 installing a new roof, electrical system, windows, gutters, heating, ventilation and air conditioning and doing other renovations to the duplex.“Most people are operating (Airbnbs and other short-term rentals) under the radar screen, and they’re not asking the city for permission at all,” Lisa Diserens said. “But I’m trying to do the right thing.”City officials had suggested that the Diserenses apply for a permit for an Airbnb instead of a traditional rental duplex because it was likely to be less expensive to pay the 8% hotel-motel tax than to pay for inspections every time a tenant moved out, according to Cross.Ward 2 Alderwoman Carmen Duco spoke in support of the Diserenses.“I went out to visit the property,” she said. “They’ve done a lot of work and spent a lot of money. … I don’t think it’s fair not to give them an opportunity that we have (given) other people.”Melinda Hult, the neighbor who voiced opposition to the permit approval, told aldermen she has nothing personal against the Diserenses, but she feels an Airbnb is a “very bad fit” for the neighborhood, which is just outside of Hexenbuckel Historic District.Hult is a former Ward 2 alderwoman and former neighborhood association president who helped get the neighborhood zoned single-family residence.She pointed to the neighborhood’s boarded-up and burned-out buildings, aging infrastructure, rolling gun battle on North Charles Street three years ago, other crime and homelessness.“Our neighborhood has problems,” she said. “The answer is not bringing in more strangers on a part-time basis.”Hult read excerpts from newspaper stories about the negative consequences of Airbnbs, ranging from criminal activity to wild parties. She maintains that many guests aren’t properly vetted.

Terri Maddox & Provided

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Belleville News-Democrat & City of BellevilleMelinda Hult addresses Belleville City Council at a meeting on Feb. 6. She wants aldermen to deny a special-use permit for a proposed Airbnb on East C Street in her neighborhood.

Complicated issueThe City Council took a step toward Airbnb regulation at its Feb. 22 meeting, when aldermen voted to amend the hotel-motel tax ordinance to specify that it also covers “short-term rentals.”These are defined as owner-occupied or non-owner-occupied single-family residences rented out for 30 days or less.“The ultimate incidence of and liability for payment of the tax is to be borne by the (renter) who seeks the privilege of occupying the hotel or motel room, or short-term rental,” the amended ordinance states.But Airbnb regulation goes beyond taxes and business licenses, according to Cross. It also involves zoning and housing codes, which provide rules on the construction, use, maintenance and inspection of properties.Scott Tyler, Belleville’s director of health, housing and building, is among the city officials asking for more clarification on Airbnbs.Housing department employees typically inspect rental units whenever tenants move out, according to Tyler. Most landlords offer one-year leases with renewal options. Some tenants stay put for five, 10 or 20 years.Tyler believes annual inspections would be adequate for most short-term rentals.“I can assure you, if an Airbnb gets rented out 100 times a year, we’re not going to inspect it 100 times a year,” he said. “We wouldn’t have the manpower, and it would be senseless because a piece of property doesn’t really change from day to day.”Another factor is Belleville’s Crime Free Housing Ordinance, enacted in 2013. It requires landlords and property managers who rent out homes or apartments to do background checks on potential tenants, not to report the information but to raise their own awareness.At the Feb. 6 meeting, Ward 1 Alderman Joe Hazel asked how often police are called to Airbnbs in Belleville. Cross responded that the city has had no major issues and that the company polices itself by asking guests to rate hosts and hosts to rate guests on the website.“I am not aware of issues with Airbnbs,” Hazel said. “I don’t think the traveling nurses have too many parties.”Hazel was referring to nurses who need short-term housing while working temporary jobs at local hospitals. Lisa Diserens also mentioned them as possible tenants for her duplex on East C Street.Hult argues that no more special-use permits should be issued for Airbnbs until the city has developed a comprehensive policy that promotes safety, fairness and community goals.“Clearly, we don’t have our act together as a city,” she said. “There is so much room for problems (with Airbnbs), and there’s no regulation. Belleville is not ready for this, especially in light of the fact that we’re trying to get a hotel, and this is competition for it.”

Derik Holtmann

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Belleville News-DemocratLinda Weisenstein cleans a kitchen counter at her Airbnb at 626 E. Garfield St. in Old Belleville Historic District. She’s hosted guests from all over the United States, Canada and Japan.

Teri Maddox is a reporter with the Belleville News-Democrat, a news partner of St. Louis Public Radio.

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Laclede’s Landing is moving from nightlife hub to neighborhood

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Laclede’s Landing has cycled through many identities throughout the history of St. Louis. Now, some people involved with its redevelopment in recent years hope the landing’s next one will be as a residential neighborhood.The small district tucked directly north of the Gateway Arch National Park has quietly undergone a massive redevelopment with more than $75 million pouring into the rehabilitation of many of the historic buildings at the landing.“We are starting to feel that momentum, especially in the last really 60 days. Things have drastically changed around here,” said Ryan Koppy, broker and owner of Trading Post Properties and the director of commercial property for Advantes Group.Advantes alone shouldered the rehabilitation of six of the historic buildings, which now sport a mix of apartments and retail or office space, he said. Four of those buildings are completed, and of the 119 apartments available, about 90% are filled, Koppy said.“It just shows you what kind of demand we do have for the area,” he said. “We’re separated from downtown a little bit, and for the tenants, their local park where they’re walking their dogs, it’s a national park.”

Sophie Proe

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St. Louis Public RadioInterior of the Peper Lofts at Laclede’s Landing on Aug. 16

Another 40 apartments are set to come online next year along with some retail space, Koppy said. He added he’s noticed a wide range of people who are considering and moving into the newly refinished apartments.“It’s very mixed, surprisingly,” Koppy said. “We have a lot of young professionals, maybe on their second job out of [university], we have some empty nesters too.”Part of the newfound momentum comes from a new market, the Cobblestone, and coffee shop, Brew Tulum, opening recently and bringing more foot traffic to the area, said Brandyn Jones, executive director of the Laclede Landing Neighborhood Association. She added that more apartments are set to come online within the next few months.“We have a great riverfront area here and so there are plans in the works to activate those spaces, bring people in,” she said.That could be more daytime events, like a farmers market, music festivals (one of which is happening this weekend) or just bringing in food trucks to Katherine Ward Burg Garden, Jones said. It’s a departure from the identity the district held a few decades ago as a hub for nightlife and entertainment.“That’s part of what connects so many people to Laclede’s Landing,” Jones said. “It’s important to tell the story of where we’re evolving. It won’t be what it was in the same exact way, but it will still be fun, and it can be fun early morning, midday or late night.”It’s a view shared by Koppy.“It’s grown up, it’s a bit mature,” he said. “We’re not going to have 3 a.m. bars here anymore because we have residents here.”Koppy added that Advantes is joined by other developers working to rehabilitate buildings in the district.“We all work in unison,” he said. “If I get a call and [a client is] asking for something and maybe the square foot doesn’t really match up with what I have available, but I know it matches up over there, they’re getting a very warm welcome and introduction.”

Sophie Proe

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St. Louis Public RadioRyan Koppy looks out the window of Brew Tulum Specialty Coffee Experience on Aug. 16 at the Cobblestone on Laclede’s Landing in downtown St. Louis.

This push toward making Laclede’s Landing a residential neighborhood also comes alongside broader conversations about the future of downtown St. Louis more generally as it looks to move away from a dependence on office space. While the city as a whole continues to lose population, downtown added about 1,700 people between 2010 and 2020, according to U.S. Census data.“It’s been wonderful timing to have all that going on, that stress that you’re not just in downtown to work has been critical to part of this rejuvenation and energy down here,” Jones said. “Sometimes people forget Laclede’s Landing is part of downtown, really the original downtown.”And success in the small district could spread beyond its small confines and potentially serve as a model for success, Koppy added.“My idea is, if we could get all the great things of St. Louis coming in through here, we can eventually spread that,” he said. “We understand we can’t change the whole world, but we’ll just make the effort to try and change the world around us.”

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St. Louis barbecue festival Q in the Lou canceled

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The largest barbecue competition and tasting festival in St. Louis, Q in the Lou, has been canceled. The event was planned for Sept. 6-8, but organizers decided to cancel it due to poor ticket sales and insufficient corporate sponsorship.The traveling festival had low attendance in Denver last week, said Sean Hadley, a festival organizer.“We made the tough decision to cancel Q in the Lou,” said Hadley. “We’re seeing a lack of support … it’s just not there.”The traveling event first came to St. Louis in 2015 and drew hundreds of people to downtown St. Louis for barbecue, live music and a “major party.”“It shut down out of the blue … I’ve gone every year,” said Scott Thomas, local chef and food blogger. “It’s brilliant. You could take a tour of some really amazing barbecue restaurants and competition barbecue guys all in one place.”In a late July news conference, city officials touted Q in the Lou as a significant tourism draw and a boost for downtown revitalization.“Bringing a signature national festival back to downtown St. Louis … is making us stronger,” Greater St. Louis Inc. CEO Jason Hall said then.Less than a month later, ticket holders from every festival stop learned they’d be refunded. On Monday, organizers privatized the Q in the Lou website and deleted its social media accounts.Conner Kerrigan, a spokesperson for Mayor Tishaura Jones’ office, said city officials are disappointed the festival won’t be back this year.“St. Louis knows how to throw a festival … bringing people together to celebrate our culture is one of the things we do best as a city,” Kerrigan said in a statement. “Should Q in the Lou try to come back next year or any year after that, they’ll have the support of the Mayor Jones administration.”

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Alton’s Jacoby Arts Center likely to relocate permanently

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The Jacoby Arts Center, a staple of Alton for many in the Metro East community, will likely permanently move out of its downtown building at the end of September.Its departure and relocation from the historic building that the arts center has called home for the past 20 years has created a tense situation for not only the arts center’s supporters but also the local development company working to revitalize Alton’s downtown that owns the building.“It’s an unfortunate situation,” said Chad Brigham, the chief legal and administrative officer with AltonWorks, the real estate company owned by another prominent local attorney working to develop the town. “I wish there wasn’t misunderstanding and disappointment in the community. It’s difficult sometimes to clarify that.”When news of the likely departure spread in June via a letter from the Jacoby Arts Center to its supporters, an outcry on social media quickly followed. Some assumed it would be the end of the arts center.“There’s a lot of feelings right now that I think are more about the building itself than there are about the Jacoby Arts Center,” said Valerie Hoven, vice president and treasurer of the nonprofit arts center’s board.For supporters of the Jacoby, moving from the building and likely never returning will be a sad affair. Exactly what’s next for the arts center remains unclear. However, Jacoby board members believe this will not be the end of the organization. It will likely look different though.

Sophie Proe

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St. Louis Public RadioThe Jacoby Arts Center earlier this month in downtown Alton

Sophie Proe

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St. Louis Public RadioThe Alton-based Jacoby Arts Center features more than 75 St. Louis-area artists and their work.

The history of the buildingFirst dubbed the Madison County Arts Council, the nonprofit arts center renamed itself after the Jacoby family gave it the current building in 2004. AltonWorks founder John Simmons purchased the Jacoby Building in September 2018, according to property records from the county.Managing the large building, at 627 E. Broadway, became too expensive for the Jacoby Arts Center. In 2018, the organization approached Simmons to purchase it, said Dennis Scarborough, a past president of the board and a downtown business owner.“Of course, it sounded really, really good,” Scarborough said of Simmons’ purchase. “He took over the insurance, property taxes, all those kinds of things that were really, really getting into our budget, and he rented it to us at a fair price.”The two parties entered into a lease agreement initially for five years. Since then, Simmons has spent more than $1 million in upkeep, taxes, insurance and more on the building. The lease has been extended twice until the end of September this year.Over the six years, Jacoby paid $1,500 per month, which covered a portion of the utilities.“It’s been wonderfully generous of AltonWorks,” Hoven said.Because the building is aging and needs repairs, Brigham with AltonWorks and those connected to the arts center have long known the Jacoby Arts Center would need to relocate — at least temporarily.

Renovations on the Jacoby building will begin this fall. They’ll include modernizing the aging building, repairing the old elevator and putting in apartments on the second and third floors.

News of the likely departure and controversyRenovations will begin this fall. They’ll include modernizing the aging building, repairing the old elevator and putting in apartments on the second and third floors.In May, it became clear that a preliminary proposal for the arts center to return to the building after renovations finished in 2026 would not work for them, Hoven said.She estimates the first floor and basement of the Jacoby Arts Building span roughly 20,000 square feet.

Chad Brigham is a business and legal adviser for AltonWorks.

AltonWorks’ initial idea floated to the arts center would only provide 2,553 square feet, according to both Hoven and Brigham. While the board calculated the price for the new space to be at least triple the current payment, Brigham said there was never a specific price discussed.“No discussion in terms of actual rent price,” he said.AltonWorks didn’t make a specific rent offer because the organization doesn’t even know itself, Brigham said.In addition to cash from John Simmons, there will be loans, tax increment financing and state tax credits to cover the $20 million in building renovations. The entities financing the cost of renovations will also help determine the rent when the construction is complete, Brigham said.Regardless, the price required to return will be too much for the arts center to pay, Hoven said. Also, the organization would like to maintain the many programs it offers to the community — a rentable event space, a dark room and a clay studio, for example — in the future.“For us to really meet the needs of the community and be sustainable, we need a space where we can offer some of those programs — the artists’ shop, and other spaces that offer some kind of income as well — so that we can continue to give money back to the community,” she said.AltonWorks offered at least two other locations as possible alternatives from their vast stock of buildings along Broadway to house the arts center during the roughly 18 months of construction. Those alternatives came with similar deals requiring the Jacoby to cover only utilities, Brigham said.“We did put in a great deal of work behind the scenes in trying to find an interim solution,” Brigham said. “We wanted to find a place for them to go, where it was easy for them to continue programming, whether it’s 100% of it or some portion of it, that would work for them.”Initially, the arts center hoped to keep the basement during the renovations, Hoven said. When it became clear the preliminary offer to return was for much less space than the arts center anticipated, the letter to the community was sent.“The letter that came out was merely showing our surprise,” Hoven said. “Don’t misinterpret it as panic. Don’t misinterpret it as desperation.”

Sophie Proe

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St. Louis Public RadioA smorgasbord of radios are displayed at the Jacoby Arts Center in Alton.

The commentary on social media was passionate. Some critics of AltonWorks said the organization has good intentions but hasn’t executed those plans. Others said Jacoby hasn’t planned well enough for the future.For Brigham and the AltonWorks team, some of the criticism has been disappointing.“I thought that there were some decent solutions. Were they perfect? No, but they were very, I thought, very good solutions,” he said. “And the fact that it has come to the point that it is right now is a bit hurtful.”AltonWorks remains committed to the arts, Brigham said. John Simmons remains one the largest donors of the Jacoby Arts Center, Hoven and Brigham said.“I don’t think there’s ever been a question of our support of that organization — of our affinity for that organization,” Brigham said. “While some of the events were unfortunate, some of them were encouraging. The entire community rallied around the Jacoby Arts Center. That’s a good thing. It’s a good thing to have a love for the arts like that in a downtown community.”Sara McGibany, the executive director of Alton Main Street, an organization aimed at preserving the town, said AltonWorks should be commended for its vision. In many ways, her organization and AltonWorks share a vision for a thriving downtown.Even though AltonWorks hosts public meetings, McGibany believes the current situation lacks true community engagement.“We really think that if AltonWorks can get past some of the communication hurdles — and harness the community’s passion and shift to more of a bottom-up decision-making process that centers on community input — then we can turn around the growing sentiment of distrust that’s happening now,” McGibany said.Scarborough, the past board president and downtown business owner, echoed the praise for Simmons and his support of the Jacoby Arts Center. With the Jacoby likely moving, the future looks bleak, though.“It’s a community arts center that does a lot of good work,” Scarborough said. “The community is going to suffer, and they’re going to be missed by the community if they’re not there.”

Eric Lee

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St. Louis Public RadioShalanda Young, director of the federal Office of Management and Budget, talks to Illinois U.S. Rep. Nikki Budzinski, D-Springfield, during a tour of a construction project by AltonWorks last April in Alton. AltonWorks, who is building the LoveJoy Apartment Complex is receiving over $1 million in federal funding.

What does the future hold?AltonWorks will continue forging ahead with its ambitious plans to revitalize Alton. The organization hopes to conclude construction on the Wedge Innovation Center, which will have a restaurant, retail and co-working space, this fall. Lucas Row, a mix of apartments and retail space, is scheduled to be completed next spring.The remainder of the arts and innovation district, currently named after the Jacoby, will also move forward.“I believe in two years it’s going to be a much different place,” Brigham said of Alton. “It’s going to be thriving. It’s going to be new businesses, new tenants — and it’s going to be a nice proof of concept for what you can do in a small community like that.”The Jacoby board recently formed a strategic planning committee. Its task: figuring out what’s next for the arts center. The committee will reevaluate what space the Jacoby needs, what programs it wants to offer to the community and how they want to make that a reality.Keeping the arts center is essential for board members like Hoven. In her experience, it’s been a place where local aspiring artists get their start.“Art is one of the only ways to show your true authentic self,” Hoven said. “And there’s more people than I realized who do not get that opportunity every day.”The Jacoby will shut its doors to pack over the next month. Hoven said she’s optimistic the board will have concrete plans by the end of September when their lease officially ends.“Alton is such a fabulous and supportive community,” she said. “We still have lots of great options, so that the Jacoby Arts Center will continue to thrive in Alton and beyond.”

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